Its construction was started in 1399, after successful campaign of Timur to India. Mosque was under construction during 5 years. Its structure was finished in 1404. By Timur’s idea Bibi Hanim mosque had to eclipse all that he had seen before in other countries. Architects, artists, masters and craftsmen from many East countries were involved in construction. Two hundred stonemasons from Azerbaijan, Fars, Hindustan and other countries were working inside the mosque, and five hundred workers in mountains near Pendjikent were working under production and trimming of stones and sending it to Samarkand.

Grandiose buildings occupied rectangular yard with size 130x102 meters. On his west side towered the maim mosque, on north and south sides were small mosques. Spacious inside yard was covered by marble flagstones and enclosed with sheltered gallery for pilgrims. The entrance to the court was decorated as high portal with two round minarets that were 50 meters in height. Font of cathedral mosque was also designed with grandiose portal with two minarets. However Timur was not satisfied with building and in a fit of anger ordered to seize magnates Hodja Mahmud David and Muhammed Djelda who managed the construction. They were sentenced to death and hanged behind Siab channel, at the foot of Chupanat.